My Denali Speed Ascent
This speed ascent was not a sponsored affair. As a team of nine professional climbers skied past us with their prototype Dynafit skis, coordinated clothing, and team patches, that fact was made abundantly clear. In contrast was Robert, my 58-year-old climbing partner and pit crew. As he stood catching his breath on ‘Ski Hill’ at 9,000 feet on North America’s tallest mountain, he looked the part of circus clown more than badass mountaineer. He had unzipped his Gore-Tex pants to cool off and they billowed in the slight breeze. His floppy sunhat, yellow boots, white gloves, and goofy glacier goggles rounded out the endearing outfit. Looking at him, I was skeptical we would make it to 11,000 feet that day, much less the summit.
It was Day 2 on the mountain and we were schlepping ridiculously heavy sleds and packs up to ‘11 Camp’ on our first, acclimatization ascent of Denali. We were on Denali so that I could attempt to break the ascent and round trip speed records, which were set by Chad Kellogg in 2003. That year, he climbed from the airstrip to the summit in 14 hours and 22 minutes and completed the round-trip effort in 23 hours in 55 minutes. But before I could challenge this record, our plan was to climb the mountain first – expedition style. This would allow me to fully acclimatize, a process in which your red blood cells slowly take on more oxygen as the air gets thinner up high. If I were to push directly from the airstrip at 7200ft to the summit at 20320ft without acclimatizing, I would risk altitude sickness and certainly would not be able move at a record-setting pace. So there we were, hauling nearly a month’s worth of gear and food up Denali’s lower flanks to climb the mountain once together before I would attempt to do it all over again solo and for speed.
I met Robert in 2011 in Talkeetna. Actually, I met his lovely daughter, Martha, first. I had just gotten off Denali, and after chatting her up, discovered she and her father were flying onto the mountain the next day to attempt an ascent. Hours later the three of us were having Dinner at the Denali Brewing Company and midway into our first pitcher of Twister Creek IPA, I realized Robert was not a normal person. He was a former Episcopal priest who had suffered traumatic brain injury in a car wreck that forced his retirement, and now he drank like a fish and swore like a sailor. He also made clear his intentions to convert me to Christianity and have me marry his daughter. He was a riot, so I ordered another pitcher of IPA.
Although neither the theological conversion nor romance ever came to fruition, Robert and I became good friends over the next couple of years. Because he and Martha did not make it to the summit in 2011, I thought he might be interested in joining me on this trip. My proposal was that I would help him summit, if he would then help me with logistics for my speed ascent. He accepted.
He quickly became excited about the record attempt and had more confidence in my ability to break it than I did. Soon we were outlining our strategy. I would use the latest equipment designed for the emerging sport of ski mountaineering racing or ‘SkiMo’. Although well established in Europe, SkiMo is relatively new to the U.S. and, as far as I could tell, few people had tried to use this ultra lightweight gear to lower the speed record. When Kellogg set the current record, he had only used skis on the lower glacier, and then switched to running shoes and crampons. When Vern Tejas, who holds the speed record for summiting all the Seven Summits (134 days), attempted the Denali speed record in 2009, he used Nike javelin spikes and overboots. In contrast, my plan was to stay in my ski gear the entire time. I would ski up to 11,000 feet then put the skis on my back and crampons on my ski boots. Modern Alpine Touring ski boots are lightweight and easier to walk in than older models, so I hoped they would not slow me down too much on the upper mountain. Then, after summiting, I would put my skis back on and ski as much of the mountain as I could. The hope was that skiing would dramatically cut down on my round-trip time.
Lastly, I insisted on doing the climb unsupported. Whereas Chad Kellogg had left caches of gear for himself along the route, I wanted to start and finish with all my gear on my back. I also would not accept any food or drink from other climbers along the route. As an alpine climber, maximum self-sufficiency is always the goal. For safety reasons, however, Robert would accompany me, roped-up, on the lower glacier to mitigate the risk of crevasse fall. He would then hang out at Camp 1 until I returned, at which point we would rope back up and ski out together to the airstrip. He would not carry any of my personal gear or give me food or drink.
Before the speed ascent was even an option, however, we had to acclimatize by doing our expedition-style ascent. So Robert and I, pulling our gravity-happy sleds, finally pulled into ‘11 Camp’ and set up for the night. Having only been on the mountain two days, we were surprised by how good we were feeling and decided to make a carry to ’14 Camp’ at 14,200ft the next day. Our quick pace continued and on Day 6 we found ourselves wedging ourselves into my little Nemo Tenshi tent at 17,200 feet, preparing for a summit push the next day. According to the National Park Service it is most common for groups to take between 15 and 18 days to summit. That was the timeline I was expecting for our first summit bid, but the weather had been so unusually sunny that we decided to keep pushing until our bodies told us otherwise, and so far they had not.
On Tuesday, May 28th, Day 7, we left ’17 Camp’ and pushed to the summit in about five hours. We were one of the fastest groups summiting that day despite our limited acclimatization, which was a real testament to Robert’s toughness and fitness. Then, after Robert performed a communion on the summit, we decided to split up so I could investigate the ‘Orient Express’ couloir as a possible descent option for my speed climb. Robert would descend back to ’17 Camp’ with a young Frenchman we had met, while I would head down the Orient.
Having skied the West Buttress and Messner’s in 2011, I had a good feel for potential descent options, but was not confident in either because of the icy conditions and circuitous route-finding at the base of Messner’s. Conditions on the mountain were unusually icy and with my super-light-but not-so-powerful Dynafit PDG skis, I was hoping to find the most moderate and straightforward descent. So, after saying goodbye to Robert on the summit, I skied off the summit and along the narrow summit ridge. I skied across the Football Field, a large plateau just below the summit, and over to the top of what I hoped was the Orient couloir. After only a few turns down the upper couloir, I did not feel comfortable, especially with my heavy summit pack. I transitioned to crampons and down-climbed nearly 3000 feet before putting my skis back on and skiing to ’14 Camp’. The down-climbing really worked my legs, and when I woke up the next morning I was shocked by how sore I was, which ruled out the Orient as my descent route. Robert descended from ‘17 Camp’ that day, Wednesday, meeting me at ’14 Camp’, and we decided to head all the way back to the airstrip that evening once the glacier started to cool off.
Descending from ’14 Camp’ back to the airstrip with heavy sleds, especially ones that still contain about 80lbs of food each, is not fun. The sleds pull sideways on cross-slopes and zip ahead of you on steeps, trying to rip you off your feet. Skiing while doing this shortens the duration of misery, but adds even more control issues. The descent lived up to expectations, offering an added dose of unpleasantness when Robert discovered his decades of alpine skiing did not translate well to ski mountaineering in Koflach boots, especially when mounted on a pair of thrift shop skis. Although he claims to be the champion of some French ski series in 1975, he could barely stay upright on his own, much less control a sled. This meant I got the honor of holding back both sleds and Robert when he got out of control. This effort strained my already weary legs and when we limped into basecamp at 3AM, I was convinced I would not be ready to attempt a speed ascent anytime soon.
After only a couple of hours of sleep, interrupted by airplanes landing and people drunkenly cheering, I was ready to throw in the towel on the whole endeavor. I had concerns about the safety of going back out on the lower glacier with Robert and his crappy equipment, my legs were sore to the touch, a low pressure weather front was moving in soon, and the prospect of beer and showers was overpowering. As I lay in my sleeping bag massaging my tender thighs and listening to the roar of planes shuttling people back to society, I even started planning how I could tell the story of my aborted climb. With all the factors against us, people would understand. I could save face, right? I was moments away from suggesting we fly back, when Robert spoke up. He apologized for bringing shitty gear onto the mountain, but reminded me why we were here. “Doing this speed ascent is going to mean a lot to you,” he said. “This why we came here. We need to give it a shot.”
He was right. In the frustrations of the moment I had lost perspective. And although I did not fully realize it at the time, setting the speed record would boost my confidence and help me move past my injuries. 18 months ago I had been ice climbing when I was hit by an avalanche in Wyoming. I shattered my left ankle, sprained my right, and tore a big chunk out of my right quad. My partner and I self-rescued, and I crawled most of the 2 miles back to the road. Since then my recovery had been frustrating. A second surgery and a chronically weak ankle joint kept me from my most ambitious alpine plans. In fact, I had not planned on a Denali speed ascent at all – I had planned on some alpine rock and ice climbing on the Ruth Glacier. But when my ankle had consistently failed to hold up on long ice and rock routes around Colorado the previous winter, I finally called off my Ruth plans. Out of my limitations, I ultimately found my strengths. I knew my ankle did pretty well in a ski boot and I also knew I was consistently strong at altitude, so I decided to use my summer off to go for a speed ascent of Denali.
These thoughts focused me and left me with a resolve to see my plans through. I had been rationalizing my own failure and could see that clearly now. But Robert’s wise comments and a positive outlook from the ranger on lower glacier conditions, gave me the push I needed to recommit. I was not going to search for an ‘out’. I was going to fully throw myself into this and let the results speak for themselves – success or failure.
With my legs still aching, though, we decided to push back the speed ascent until Saturday morning to get an extra 24 hours of rest. The weather forecast for Saturday was mixed as a low-pressure system was moving in, but we hoped that the good weather would last long enough for me to squeeze in my second ascent. Robert spent all day Thursday melting snow for water and organizing gear as I lay prostrate on my sleeping bag, hydrating, eating, and hoping to recover as fast as possible for Saturday. It killed me to skip a good weather day on Friday as was predicted but attempting to set a record with tired legs seemed pointless.
Robert fell asleep at 9PM and I lay in bed mulling over logistics and decisions that still needed to be made. As I waited for sleep to come, a question came into my head and stuck there: Are my legs really so tired that I am willing to miss my ideal weather window for a less reliable one? I knew the answer. No. I did not want the weather turning me back – not now that I had recommitted. If I was going to do this, I wanted my legs or my lungs to hold me back – not the weather. But should I wake up Robert and tell him that we needed to leave in 6 hours? I had not even started packing my speed ascent pack. We only got back to base camp 18 hours ago! The thought of getting ready and trying to squeeze in a few hours of sleep when I was already so tired was daunting, but having just recommitted to this climb, I knew now was not the time for half measures. Robert stirred in his sleep. “Robert,” I said, “I think we should go in the morning.” He paused. “Ok. Wake me.” And that was it. This was happening. Now.
I got out of my sleeping bag and began sorting through my gear, packing, and making final adjustments. I still had a lot to do since every ounce mattered for a 13,000 foot elevation gain. By midnight, everything was ready and I finally crawled into my sleeping bag and, with the peace that comes with confidence in decisions made, fell asleep.
We woke up at 2:30AM. Robert set about heating up water, while I arranged the last of my things. The weather was good, my legs felt OK, and the summit, viewable from our tent, beckoned. All the logistics and complications had been cleared away and now it was just my legs, my lungs, and the mountain. It felt right.
We were almost ready by 4:15AM. We got a witness, Tyler Jones, a guide from another climbing party, to sign an impromptu affidavit confirming our start time: 4:30AM. We roped up, put on our skis, and Robert counted down the seconds. We set off.
Robert skied hard but because of the difference in our gear and experience with skinning, the pace was moderate for me. It worked out perfectly, though, as it kept me from going out too fast and provided a nice warm up. We took the most direct route to Camp 1, going through the main thrust of the glacier, which was more broken up with crevasses, but in the early hours felt solid underfoot.
At 6:15AM we arrived at Camp 1. This was where we would part ways. Above Camp 1 there is still crevasse danger but it is much less than the lower glacier, which becomes a hot, soupy mess of sagging snow bridges due the lower elevations and higher temperatures. We un-roped and said our goodbyes. In case anything happened to me, I made sure Robert knew how happy I was to be doing exactly what I was at that moment. He said he would be glad to officiate my funeral.
I chuckled and began skinning up Ski Hill, an undulating rise that does not quit for nearly 2000 vertical feet. However, with my light skis, flexible boots, and slick skins, I made fast, steady progress and felt great. With the lack of wind, cloudless predawn skies, and the bulk of Denali looming to the east, I was imbued with that rare sense of confidence that success is in reach. It was a feeling of power and trust in my abilities. I no longer felt like an illegitimate amateur, recklessly swinging for the fences. I felt as though everything had been building to this moment and it was now finally mine for the taking. I was going to take it.
There were not many climbers on the route, but the few that I did pass looked at me quizzically. A solo climber with a small pack, no sled, and a quick, determined pace is an odd sight on such a massive mountain, but no one asked what I was doing. That was fine as I was focused and eager to make good time.
By 8:30AM, and only four hours in, I arrived at ‘11 Camp’, having gained 4,000 vertical feet and covered nearly two thirds of the total mileage of the ascent. I could feel the first signs of strain, but otherwise felt energized and optimistic. At ‘11 Camp’, I saw the National Park Ranger, Dave, who had checked us in at the Ranger station in Talkeetna only 10 days ago. We chatted for a bit and I explained what I was doing. I had not told him about it when we checked in because of how uncertain I had been that I would even get around to the speed ascent. It felt good to be there, under those circumstances, chatting with him, doing now what I did not have the gumption to even talk about before.
I refueled with a Clif SHOT Gel and mini Snickers, then put my skis on my pack and aluminum crampons on my ski boots, said goodbye, and set off again. I started passing more teams, as it was later in the day and more climbers were on the route. I made good progress up Motorcycle and Squirrel Hill, and, at 9:29AM, was hit with sunlight for the first time as I neared Windy Corner. Being out of the sun on the lower glacier had been a nice relief from the heat but the golden rays on my face were quite welcome. At that point, the scale of what I was doing and the effort it was going to require began to truly set in. I had just climbed 6,000 feet of elevation and had another 7,000 to go. Surprisingly, my legs felt OK, but my energy was beginning to flag. Could I really do this at record pace if I my body was already beginning to resist? I had summited Denali from ‘14 Camp’ before and remembered that as a hard day out. Could I do that on top of what I had already done plus the added descent? I hoped so.
I radioed to Robert once fully around Windy Corner. Each of us had a radio and although nearly 6000 feet above him, there was uninterrupted line-of-sight. He answered immediately. I told him my location and condition and said I would try to check in again when I could.
I pushed on to ’14 Camp’ and strode in at 10:30AM. I received a warm welcome and looks of surprise from some climbers we knew when they found out I had left the airstrip only 6 hours ago. They offered me hot drinks and food, but I reluctantly declined in accordance with my plan to be unsupported. I left my skins at there as I would not need them higher on the mountain and set off towards the fixed lines with shouts of encouragement as I left.
Since my plan was to be as unsupported as possible, I resolved not to use any of the ‘fixed lines’ or protection anywhere on the mountain. Fixed lines are climbing ropes installed mostly by the National Park Service to aid climbers on the steeper and more dangerous sections of the West Buttress route. By avoiding them, not only would I be more independent, but I could also quickly pass groups that might be moving slowly. However, to do this safely, it meant I was bringing the added weight of an ice tool, my Petzl Aztarex.
The push from ’14 Camp’ to the top of the fixed lines was a mental low point. You gain about 2,000 feet over a short distance of icy snow climbing. On a normal day, it is relatively interesting snow climbing and a satisfying effort, but for me it was a steep slog that was still a long way from the summit. And when I crested the ridge at over 16,000 feet, I had a disconcerting view to the north. Broad clouds with dark underbellies appeared to be lumbering in my direction. Was this tomorrow’s low-pressure system arriving early? The weather was not overly menacing but was significant enough to attract the attention of a guy whose entire bivy gear was a kitchen garbage bag and a small pad. However, the clouds were still a ways off, so I continued on, my pace reinvigorated by an external motivator.
The ridge from the top of the fixed lines to 17k Camp is relatively narrow and frequently crowded and it was no exception that day. Passing on narrow ridges where other groups are roped-up can be controversial, as you do not want to become entangled in their ropes or cause additional complications. But with my ice tool, I was mostly able to stay out of their way and when I did have to step by them, they were gracious to let me do so.
The ridge was mostly easy going compared to the steep fixed lines, but my focus had become preoccupied by the long arms of this weather that had moved noticeably closer. With no one else to talk to, my mind began to play out the worst possible scenarios. What if I was hit by whiteout high on the mountain? What should be my decision-making point for turning around? Should I assume the weather is insignificant and press on no matter what? Denali lore is replete with stories of climbers stranded high on the mountain in whiteouts, often on the featureless Football Field just below the summit. It ultimately came down to only two options: go home or go faster. There was no way I was going to throw in the towel with only the suspicious of bad weather, so I went faster.
When I crested the rise before ‘17 Camp’, I was moving well and jogged down the hill into camp at 1:20PM, less than 9 hours after leaving the airstrip. As I walked among the tents, I saw my friends Steve and Zach who we had hung out with at ‘11 Camp’ on our first ascent. Although I was tired and happy to rest with friends for a moment, I was optimistic about my strength level. My previous concern about burning out was subsiding as I felt I now had enough in the tank to get to the top at record pace – but only if the weather could hold. The clouds were broadening and forming a more formidable front to the north and, despite confidence in myself, fear was growing that this opportunity might vanish before I could seize it. To make it, I was going to have to push far faster than record pace – I was going to have to beat the weather.
I said goodbye and set off towards the Autobahn at 1:40PM. As I pushed upwards I could feel the effects of the altitude but kept pressing, feeling guilty about any pause or abatement in my pace. I reached Denali pass quickly not having to pass any groups because all summit parties had departed long ago. I sat down on the exposed rocks, wanting to eat and drink but not feeling like doing much of either – a side effect of the hard cardio output and the higher elevation. It was now obvious that these clouds were eventually going to collide with the peak and although nervous, my resolve was only deepening to push ahead of them.
I turned the corner around Denali pass and was startled to see a group moving slowly upwards only a stone’s throw away. How could I have caught a summit party already? Having left the airstrip that morning and climbed 11,000 vertical feet I was not expecting to catch summit parties so soon. There presence both encouraged and concerned me that others were going to be on the mountain so late in the day.
The fatigue had become all-encompassing but with the dread of whiteout egging me on, I ignored my heaving lungs and frenetically pumping heart and told my legs to keep moving. Not to stop.
I crested the hill overlooking the Football Field and knew I was going to make it. The clouds were now touching the mountain but seemed to have stalled, leaving me with beautiful summit conditions – if I could just get there.
I hustled across the wide plateau, deciding I would drop my summit pack and skis at the base of Pig Hill, the steep final push to the summit ridge. I had wanted to ski directly off the top but wanted to move as fast as possible as there was no guarantee the clouds would stay at bay, and having no pack would be the fastest way to go. There were also countless climbers slogging up the face and along the narrow summit ridge, which would make a delicate ski descent even more complicated.
I dropped my pack and pushed upwards. I could tell I was going into oxygen debt, but was too bullheaded about my pace to heed the over-expenditure. When I crested the summit ridge, I radioed Robert, “I’m on the summit ridge Robert!” He had been monitoring the radio closely and quickly replied, “Unbelievable! You are on time. That is great.” I told him about the cloud cover but that I should be OK then set off along the ridge, hustling past slow moving parties as unobtrusively as I could.
At 4:59PM, 12 hours and 29 minutes after departing the airstrip, a reached the summit. I was elated. I could not believe I had done it. The fulfillment of such a lofty goal was disorienting and overwhelming and I found myself chuckling and murmuring congratulations to myself. After a brief rest and getting a witness to testify to my location and time on my helmet cam, I began the descent.
Having dropped my pack on the football field, I did not have my skis or warm clothing and the chill was starting to take effect as I was only wearing a wool shirt and 13 ounce shell jacket. As my cardio output and rate of breathing unconsciously slowed, I found myself in desperate need of oxygen. My balance was deteriorating, my vision was getting soft, I continued to get colder, and I felt like there was a crushing weight on my diaphragm. I knew the only solution was to get to my skis as fast as possible and drop elevation – quickly.
I finally got back to my pack and hustled across the football field. I bent down to step into my Dynafit bindings, but struggled against the hypoxia. Finally they were on and I slid forward picking up speed instantly. I knew I had to lose significant elevation to feel better, so I chattered along as fast as I could without losing control. I reached Denali pass and looked down across the Autobahn to ’17 Camp’. This was the last major decision to be made. Should I down-climb this steep and notorious traverse rather than ski it? It would probably be the safer option, but getting down quickly had become a top priority. I decided to ski. I pushed off and side-slipped the 1000 foot drop, too loopy to trust myself with many real turns, and, when the grade began to subside, I pointed my skis straight and zipped forward along the boot-packed trail moving too fast to do anything but stay upright and rode the breakneck momentum all the way back into 17k Camp. Just shy of 6:30PM, I stumbled into camp and dropped down at the NPS ranger tent.
Realizing how wooly my head had been during the summit push, I decided to take an extended break and chatted with Rangers Glen, Jacob, and Ali for over 30 minutes. Before I set off again, I wanted to make sure I rehydrated, ate, and got my wits about me. As I finally got up to leave, Glen asked, “Uh…do you want to put on your crampons?”
“Oh, wow…” I said, realizing I was about to set off crampon-less. After strapping my Black Diamond Neves back on, I finally headed out of camp and was pleasantly surprised by how well my legs responded. They seemed to have missed the hypoxic memo, and as they churned reliably underneath me, the rest of my body seemed to perk up.
I jogged along the narrow ridgeline with my ice tool ready should I trip. As I got lower on the ridge, I saw my friends from ’14 Camp’ as they moved up to ’17 Camp’. They congratulated me warmly, but encouraged me to keep moving quickly to set the round-trip record. Their encouragement made me realize I had stopped pushing so aggressively– I was just cruising and having fun. I had pushed so hard on the way up, I just wanted to relax now. I kept moving, because I knew I was supposed to, but my obsession with pace had vanished entirely.
I down-climbed around the fixed lines and into a whiteout. Fortunately, there was no wind and only light snow. At the base of the fixed lines, I put my skis back on my feet for the last time. It was a wild feeling as I began looping turns together in the fresh snow and with my little pack. At ‘14 Camp’, I picked up my skins and set off again. It was genuinely bizarre. Denali is typified by climbers with massive backpacks and reluctant, ornery sleds. It is slow, methodical work to make any progress up or down, but here I was, leaving camp only two minutes after arriving and zipping off as if I was out for a pleasant day of backcountry skiing at Cameron Pass, Colorado.
The whiteout conditions only added to the disorientation. My brain seemed unable to comprehend what I had done and was still doing. I felt as if I had forgotten something or was in the wrong place. How could I have started at the airstrip, summited Denali, and now be skiing pleasantly around Windy Corner all in one day?
The disorientation cleared with clouds. As I skied down Squirrel Hill I left the whiteout behind and entered a golden vista of late evening rays lighting up the snowy peaks around the lower Kahiltna. I did not bother to suppress a broad grin as I dropped down Motorcycle Hill, zipped by ’11 Camp’, and rounded the bend towards Ski Hill. As I skied, I radioed Robert, telling him I was almost to Camp 1.
My little skis struggled to cut decisively through the heavy wet snow and nerve pain in my feet made me stop frequently, but neither bothered me at this point. Soon I was plummeting down Ski Hill and zipping across the flat section below. Robert stood waiting with the rope pre-coiled and ready for me to clip into, but I had no desire to move off so quickly. I wanted to chat and celebrate for a moment with my friend. We hugged and he said, “Do you realize you are at 16 hours?” I smiled and nodded.
Soon we were off and without a pack or sled Robert was able to ski much faster and surely. We cruised along, maintaining speed on the slight downhill slope but on high alert for any hidden crevasse danger. It was nearly 9PM and because I had moved much faster than expected, we found ourselves on the Kahiltna at nearly the worst time of day. But shy of hanging out for a few hours to let the glacier cool down, there was nothing to do but ski fast and hope the sagging snow bridges held.
At one point we came along a particularly unstable-looking snow bridge that had stalled a foreign team. After making sure they were all right and not seeing a way to end-run it, we tried to ski across it as fast as possible. Robert went first and instantly sunk down two feet into the soft, sloppy snow. I instantly put tension on the rope, thinking he was about to go in, but he managed to get out and across. Then, moving in tandem with Robert, I gained as much speed as possible and managed to plow through and past the deteriorating snow bridge safely, breathing a sigh of relief as I did so.
From there, the glacier conditions improved and I knew we were going to make it back safely. At the base of Heartbreak Hill and Robert insisted we un-rope so I could go by myself and make better time. We did so, and moving steadily I climbed the last rise.
At 9:16PM, 16 hours and 46 minutes after leaving the same spot, I slid into basecamp.
Joey, the NPS ranger manning basecamp, saw me come into camp and officially confirmed my finishing time.
Soon Robert shuffled in, and as we sat on the edge of our tent platform reminiscing about the day, I said, “I just can’t believe it all worked out – the weather, the logistics, my legs, the gear. I don’t know how it came together so perfectly.”
With a twinkle in his eye, Robert replied, “I do. I am a Priest, after all.”
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